A root canal is a procedure that saves or restores badly decayed or infected teeth. Some signs that a root canal may be needed include: severe toothache upon chewing or application of pressure, sensitivity to heat or cold, darkening of the tooth or gums, and swelling of nearby gums. If the teeth are left untreated, bacteria may grow, causing an infection or an abscess.

Procedure: An X-ray is taken of the tooth to see the shape of the root canal and to determine if an infection is present. A hole is then drilled in the tooth to allow the dentist to remove the nerve pulp, bacteria, decayed tissue and other debris. Once the tooth is thoroughly cleaned, the interior is filled and the hole is sealed. If an infection is present, the dentist may put antibiotics inside the tooth to clear it up. Finally, a crown or filling may be placed on the tooth to protect it from damage and to restore its full function and appearance. Root canals may require several office visits.